Jim Green

I finally broke a bone, after 71 years, 3 bones, all told. The right femur, the right tibial plateau, and the 4th metacarpal bone in the left hand. Aftter 9 weeks i can get into a walker and go from a robotic bed to the commode and back, or transfer to and from a wheel chair.
Perhaps I damaged the ligament joining the left ulna at the wrist to the radius bone. In the walker, i can let go and stand erect on both feet. I am doing a a few 2-legged walking exercises in the walker. I may need a cane for while. I am uncertain about the condition of the meniscus shock absorber protecting articular cartilage at the condyles of the femur and the tibia. Without the meniscus or a replacement for it, arthritis develops. I may need to tape my left wrist after the cast is removed from my left arm.
On my way to my surgeon's office and back our van picked up Rich Fagg. Rich was recovering from violence in Chicago leading to a fall of two stories. He was also in a
wheel chair. Both of us were in A Man for All Seasons at North High in the 66-67 school year, I as the Duke of Norfolk, he as Sir Thomas Moore. I have not seen him since that ride,
In which he seemed to be a radio full of bright brainwaves. It reminded me of Joni Mitchell's song You Turn Me On, I'm a Radio.

See Sally Sanchez Guevara obiturary at Legacy.com:

https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/name/sally-sanchez-obituary?pid=195465900 .

See Darrell Duncan's online obituary and video material at

https://www.smithfamilymortuaries.com/memorials/darrell-duncan/4100564/ .

The 1st photo was taken at calendar age 70.33 at my apartment near WSU.
I tried fasting for 3 days to get SIRT6 up for DNA and telomere repair, followed
by 3 more days of hard exercise with HGH boosters to lengthen telomeres
and came up with the 2nd photo on Halloween, 2019, after 3 six-day cycles of this.
See www.lef.org/magazine for details of how not to die of old age, but to get young again.

Joseph Damilini was probably the good mailman that saw that the mail was faithfully delivered. I mean, we have recently seen the opposite thing, for a decade or two, even. I wish the mail were as faithfully delivered as it was back in the 20th Century, before the Twin Towers hit of 2001.  Perhaps this has recently improved again.

Happy Birthday this coming Sunday, September 1, 2019, Darwin.
I hope the cold wind blowing in over Lake Michigan will not make
you feel too much like Frankenstein on an ice flow, but that you have
a warm camp to tidy up in and friends, too. It was a pleasure having you in
Thespians back in the 60s for time in staged dramas and comedies. Many thanks
to you and Rich Fagg for inviting me to join it. Thespians made life more romantic.
Liga Valdmanis (class of 1966) blessed me with a copy of The Rubiyat of Omar Khayyam for my
bookshelves; Barbara Pelley (class of 1966) taught me secrets of necking all the way to A Hard Day's Night (1964) one evening in a snowstorm to the tune of I Should Have Known Better. I might have missed young love in gymnastics. Thespians made me a happier, more sociable man. I looked forward to cast parties.
Afterwards as a student at KU in Lawrence was to the tune of Scarborough Fair, April Come She Will,
and Flowers Never Bend with the Rainfall with numbers from Judy Collins and the
great English-speaking bands of the 1970s, though KU coursework was more like
soaring with Beethoven's 3rd and 9th symphonies as one picked up skills that promote
insight and optimism. I graded papers for a senior course in electromagnetic theory, ran projectors for the campus film service, took coursework in electronics for the psychology lab, and took graduate courses in quantum mechanics and nuclear physics. Higher education and romance was there, as Viet Nam war reports streamed past on television against a partly psychedelic background with many overflowing bookstores.
Don't miss http://www.lef.org/magazine and similar anti-aging journals.
Photo: Jim Green at 70+ in the Summer of 2019 at Ablah Library,
equipped with perfectly 20/20 lenses, although I'm cleared to drive
in Kansas without them. I interviewed at Bell Labs in Chicago in
1977 after getting an MSEE at WSU and got a job offer from there, but went with a different outfit.
The winds from the lake were very cool even in the Summer.

Photos, July 2019, age 70 years, 2 months. Working on rejuvenation with techniques
from regenerative medicine. Tissue-regenerative vitamin A (retinol) is taken 50 caps/day
of 8000 IU softgels. This amounts to half a bottle of Nature Made Vitamin A softgels
per day. Twice as much can put cramps in my hands. I also get 15 mg/day of
neuroregenerative vitamin B12 in 3 5000 mcg tablets. This prevents Alzheimer's Disease
from vitamin B12 deficiency, and can even enlarge the brain. I also take the telomerase activator astragalus powder at 30 grams to 33 grams per day for perhaps 2/3 of each month, the old maximum dose of astragalus in Chinese medicine. I do it by ordering a tall coffee mixed with sweetener and flavored cream, into which I mix 60 to 66 caps of astragalus powder from Nature's Way astragalus caps (500 mg/ea) or Natural Foods
(500 mg/ea), until all the gelatin caps are dissolved and a smooth suspension of astragalus powder in flavored coffee is obtained. This is really the Shangri-La stuff that works, although rejuvenation times at these dosages runs at about -5 years/year, so that it takes 4 years to de-age yourself 20 years at this dosage. Astragalus modifies telomere length to increase the number of cell divisions in a cell, but is more effective for some classes of cells than others. It is best of all for Natural Killer cells immune system that detect cancerous cells and destroy them. It seems that perhaps the NK cells attack and
destroy senescent cells exhibiting cell surface alterations suggestive of a precancerous cell to the immune system. The true upper limit for astragalus seems to be about 4x the
dosage quoted above, according to recent Chinese papers on the matter. Faster deaging
with astragalus may be possible with astragalus or astragalus extract than expected using
these higher dosages above 33 grams/day of astragalus powder or above 11 grams per day of
astragalus extract. I also take Life Extension skin-restoring ceramides that glue rising new
skin cells together better as they rise, so that the skin is better sealed and hydrated. To get hair color back from the roots out, one can rub 2 bottles of liquid astragalus extract into the scalp each month for a year or two. The first experiments showing this were
done years ago at Stanford University. There are also popularly available medicines
at health food stores and the supermarket that can be used to defeat all of the
known causes of death from disease and aging. For instance, I take pomegranate juice, which deflects atherosclerosis (the major killer of Americans). See Life Extension Magazine at
http://www.lef.org/magazine for details. Thus, physiological immortality with rejuvenation
included seems to be right around the corner on Internet these days and I think we
can be more optimistic about the future as long as we eat carefully, take our medicine,
and exercise to acquire optimum condition while reviewing the associated literature with care.
So pack up your troubles in your old kit bag and smile, boy, smile.

Garlic [Index, Garlic as telomerase activator (178), Wikipedia, WebMD/Garlic, LifeExtension,
Garlic Central, Jen Reviews/Garlic,
Links/Garlic, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF;
Links/Crushed garlic as an antibiotic, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF;
Links/anticancer garlic, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books,
Links/Garlic suppresses atherosclerosis, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF;
Links/Crushed garlic as a platelet aggregation inhibitor, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF;
Links/Garlic as an antioxidant, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF;
Links/Garlic as a Vasodilator, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF; Vasodilators.
Links/Allicin as a Vasodilator, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF; Vasodilators.
Links/Garlic and NK cell activity enhancement, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF; NK Cell Activity Enhancers;
Links/Garlic as a platelet aggregation inhibitor, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors;
Papers/garlic and telomere lengthening; Genital Warts; toxicity, dosage; Recipes/Garlic;
Garlic History (Links, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books, LifeExtension); Allicin,
AMPK activators/Garlic; Antibiotics, Antioxidants, Anti-inflammatory nutraceuticals, Apoptosis Inducers/Garlic;
Fibrinogen, More…Hypertension, NFkB Inhibitors, NK Cell Activity Enhancers, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, Viral Cures; Garlic Lillies, Onion Lillies; Lillies of the Field; Onions].

Introduction and Overview
Crushed garlic (Allium sativum) dosed [17] at 3-5 cloves per serving from an 8-clove bulb [25], 3 servings per day, (suitably mixed with artificial sweetener, chopped apples, salad dressing, and taken on soda crackers) kills nearly all non-eukaryotic cells, viruses, prokaryotic bacteria, and fungi associated with diseases including veneral diseases, abcessed teeth, facial infections, appendicitis, and cancer, and is very powerful as apoptosis-inducing anticancer medicine for reducing and eliminating cancerous tumors. Furthermore, garlic enhances the activity of Natural Killer cells of the immune system that attack and consume cancer cells, cells showing signs of oncogenic stress, pathogens, and pro-inflammatory senescent cells replacable with stem cells. Garlic is also an NFkB inhibitor and source of NFkB inhibitors that inhibits cancer metastasis. Furthermore, it is anti-inflammatory, suppresses atherosclerosis, and reduces the risk of heart attack, stroke, and dementia. Working as an HDAC inhibitor expanding chromatin to improve protein transcription, garlic extends the Hayflick Limit for cell division by producing more hTERT protein for telomerase and also works for muscle, bone, and healthy tissue growth. In this way it often works in quadrature, in a parallel way, with other telomerase activators using a different mechanism. Thus, celebrated with onions as one of the Lillies of the Field (onion lillies, garlic lillies), and often effective against threatening or deadly infections in just three days, garlic has been lauded as a panacea, miracle cure, or "resurrectant" and applied against the approach of plagues and otherwise certain death or disfigurement.

Garlic also activates AMPK, promoting cellular autophagy and working against obesity.

Garlic is a platelet aggregation inhibitor, and somewhat useful as a thrombolytic drug working against blood clotting. Garlic might have saved millions from the Black Death, cholera, and malaria, but enthusiasm for it has always been tempered by garlic halitosis due to crushed garlic's gaseous, penetrating diallyl disulfide, a fine sex repellant, so that it has been used to repel suiters while travelling through Greece by merely clutching a peeled clove of garlic in one hand. As it strikes against disease, garlic inhibits "sin" with a medicinal "Go and sin no more" aura resembling an insect repellant until dropping its use after a cure enables a "remission" of sins.

Garlic as a Telomerase Activator for Normal Cells and Telomerase Inhibitor for Cancer Cells
Garlic behaves like a Hayflick-Limit extending telomerase inducer (178) for normal cells, evidently by promoting hTERT mRNA transcription with the HDAC inhibitors diallyl disulfide and allyl mercaptan from crushed garlic allicin, as measured in 1994 for normal, non-cancerous human fibroblasts by Suresh I. Rattan and his European school [3]. Note that garlic contains the HDAC inhibitor diallyl disulfide producing the better HDAC inhibitor allyl mercaptan, and seems to be a telomerase inhibitor for cancer cells only, functioning as a telomerase activator (178) for normal cells. Diallyl disulfide increases histone H3 and H4 acetylation in K652 human leukemia cells (a human myeloid leukemia cell line). It may be that crushed garlic (which contains diallyl disulfide) can markedly improve the transcription of hTERT mRNA. See longevityscratchpadlog.html for the associated searches. We find that garlic increases the Hayflick Limit [Images, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF] from 49 cell divisions to more than 55 for normal fibroblasts [3], more than 12%. This may be true for all non-cancerous human cells.

Garlic is a supplement that improves Natural Killer cell (NK cell) activity, boosting immune system defense. Natural Killer cells consume proinflammatory senescent cells, allowing them to be replaced by stem cells.

Furthermore, garlic improves AMPK signaling to stimulate autophagy that consumes cellular junk and reduces triglycerides and glucose in the blood. Strong AMPK signaling purges the body of prematurely senescent cells [[50], [51], Patents, Books], as without sufficient AMPK signaling, such cells often do not have enough ATP energy to commit apoptosis [49]. Until they are eliminated, senescent cells packed with cellular junk contribute to inflammation.

Garlic Treats Cancer
See Garlic Treats Cancer [Books]. Diallyl disulfide and allicin from garlic induce apoptosis in a wide variety of cancer cells. Diallyl disulfide from allicin in crushed garlic induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells [8]. Diallyl disulfide induced apoptosis has also been reported for colon cancer cells. Allicin from crushed garlic can inhibit telomerase activity and induce apoptosis in gastric cancer cells [9]. Thryoid Cancer [Links, Images, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF] can be caused by swallowing semen. Thyroid cancer can often be cured by crushed garlic, or by allicin [Papers, Patents, Books, LEF].

Garlic is an apoptosis-inducing anticancer telomerase inhibitor for cancer cells via allicin and is listed as anti-inflammatory. Garlic seems to be an anticancer telomerase activator for normal cells. Garlic should improve telomerase activation in normal cells from telomerase activators such as TA-65, astragalus, and cycloastragenol working through the MAP kinase pathway or as hTERT mRNA transcriptional activators from exercise, such as HIF-1, by improving transcription of normal cell proteins. Garlic increases the activity of Natural Killer cells of the immune system [2]. See Stomach Cancer. [25c]. Increased intake of garlic reduced risk of certain cancers according to population studies, including cancers of the stomach, colon, esophagus, pancreas, and breast. The higher the amount of raw and cooked garlic consumed, the lower the risk of stomach and colorectal cancer. In another study, higher intakes of onion and garlic were associated with a reduced risk of intestinal cancer. Garlic (with its allicin) is a small molecule telomerase inhibitor [List] for cancer cells.

Garlic as an Antibiotic
Garlic as an antibiotic (Allicin): Adult dosage: take 3-5 cloves 3x per day after meals, chop up, mix with honey, mustard, or barbeque sauce, add artificial sweetener, and chew; take on soda crackers and wash down with water or juice. A peppercorn salad dressing with extra sweetener mixed with the garlic and taken on soda crackers makes it a treat. Most infections go away after several days of treatment, including facial infections from bad teeth. Note that cancer and Alzheimer's disease can eventually be triggered by TNF-alpha and NF-KB from inflammation associated with such infections, so that garlic is a real life-saver. Garlic is effective against a wide range of bacteria and viruses, including Heliobacter pylori (causes stomach cancer), the HIV virus and the HPV virus. Allicin from crushed garlic induces apoptosis in cervical cancer cells, and also kills the HPV virus. Note that berberine induces apoptosis in cervical cancer cells and simlarly attacks genital warts, as does the Shiitake mushroom. There are current 2014 reports that allicin from crushed garlic has been used effectively against all bacteria and viruses that it has been tested on. Allicin has a short half-life, so take it from freshly crushed garlic cloves. For immediate treatment against HPV genital warts, use apple cider vinegar in cotton applied to the warty tissue for up to six days. I would then suggest taking garlic orally 3-5 cloves/serving for 3 servings per day mixed with chopped apples and salad dressing on soda crackers until all HPV viral particles are destroyed, for up to a maximum of 6 weeks. This kills the HPV virion and prevents recurrence of the HPV warts. Shiitake mushrooms may be superior to garlic against HPV, cervical cancer, and for NK Cell activity enhancement. Garlic can kill all friendly bacteria in the intestinal tract when taken orally, including the bacteria that make vitamin K2, which returns calcium to the bones and prevents aortic stenosis. The bacteria must be replaced with probiotics or acidophilus, to avoid yeast infections. Swiss cheese may be a good source for vitamin K2-producing bacteria, as it is a fine source of vitamin K2. (Swiss cheese is traditionally raw, but may be pasteurized. Aging is used to destroy undesired microbial species in Swiss cheese.) A probiotic "active culture" yogurt is often used to replace friendly intestinal tract bacteria.

Note that rubber gloves should be worn when cutting and skinning garlic cloves, as otherwise fingertip skin may peel where fresh garlic was handled. Alternatively, dip your fingers in water. Finely chop garlic to crush it and let it set half a minute to produce allicin, and its diallyl disulfide and allyl mercaptan. Do not cook it, as that destroys these compounds. Add to soups after they are cooked, not before. Prefer taking it raw mixed with salad on crackers. Always take garlic raw, since cooking can destroy garlic allicin.

Can garlic cure appendicitis? Garlic is an effective cure for early-stage appendicitis.

Can garlic cure sepsis? "The list of microbes that garlic can slay includes botulism (not necessarily), tuberculosis, diarrhea, staph, dysentery, pneumonia, sepsis and typhoid." from Garlic Infection Fighter and Virus Killer.

See also Garlic Treats Viral Diseases [Books, Viral Cures, Viral Pathogens] such as the common cold, polio, and HIV. It is also suspected that garlic is useful against every prokaryotic bacterial pathogen, including pathogens behind syphylis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and anthrax. It is not certain that garlic is safe for babies and toddlers. Only yeast infections seem to be relatively immune to garlic as a cure. Yeast is a primative eukaryotic cell, the kind garlic spares at the prescribed dose while killing most or all bacteria (prokaryotic cells), fungi, and viruses.



Chopped garlic cures chronic inflammatory bowel diseases including abcesses from anal fistulas sometimes resulting from fisting, crohn's disease infections, and ulcerative colitis.

Garlic use must be cycled as garlic cannot be taken every day. This is to avoid yeast infections and to restock vitamin K2-producing bacteria with probiotic cheese and yogurt.

Garlic reduces hypertension [18], being a platelet aggregation inhibitor.

Garlic suppresses atherosclerosis [Patents, Books, LifeExtension] [5], [6], [7].

Garlic increases the HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio, decreases oxidation of LDL, and lowers triglyceride levels [18], tending to reverse atherosclerosis. Garlic removes arterial fatty streaks seen in the formation of atherosclerotic plaque [Books, LEF]. Aged garlic extract at 2400 mg/day for a year reduces arterial plaque burden [23], [24]. Cardiac computed tomography angiography [Links, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books] screening is conducted in such studies to assess coronary plaque volume, including total plaque volume, dense calcium, noncalcified plaque, and low-attenuation plaque vulnerable to rupture.

Garlic suppresses fibrinogen activity and reduces platelet aggregation [18].

Garlic is an antioxidant, which tends to suppress amyloid beta plaque formation in Alzheimer's Disease, LDL perioxidation tending to produce cardiovascular disease, and damaging ROS.

Cultivating Garlic [Links, Images, Papers, Patents, Books].
Without a greenhouse, garlic is usually planted on the shortest day (Winter Solstice) and harvested around the longest day (Summer Solstice). Garlic bulbs can be made larger by planting earlier in the Fall, instead of at the Winter Solstice.

Garlic Odor Repulsive
Finally, garlic is a "therapeutic" substance that can make you smell bad, and its fumes are a sex repellant that can get you shown out of a study hall, whether you smell it or not. It is best as a stay-at-home remedy for an infection to be cured in 3 days. Chronic use to equip you with youthful, expanded euchromatin to improve transcription of hTERT requires masking garlic odor with a selection or two from parsley, green tea, peppermint tea, mint, fennel, cloves, anise seeds, oral breath sprays, milk, coffee beans, and cologne.

The Crushed Garlic of the Medichants Better than NKVD Killer Cures for VD
I have seen the difference between healers at the table with garlic wisdom at their command, and NKVD at the table with destruction on their minds, using medicine and injections for the slaughter of sinners. NKVD are scary and believe in Killer Cures for VD instead of garlic cures. Garlic cures every bacterial form of VD, and quite possibly every viral form of VD from sex, fun, and frolic without rubbers. The more people know about how to fix themselves, the more they can joyously commune with each other via the joy of sex. This is why we find garlic bulbs producing The Lillies of the Field on tops of church spires such as St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow and throughout Russia, also resembling hard cock tops. If you know about garlic, you can boogie more, although it smells like a sex repellant, and not like Channel No. 5. However, suprises like Twilight Zone male pregnancy will still be a problem sometimes, and when your period turns on after transsexual moments have sent your balls up inside to become ovaries, the ensuing migraine headaches demand still more medical wisdom. Anyway, don't go to hell without garlic in your bag of tricks. Garlic makes somatic ecstacy's throbbing-cock He-LL more survivable. Nism-Dism Communism and its angels should have garlic available and firmly in mind, in addition to readily available flavored prophylactics and New Deal circumcised dongs for Liberty Belles.

Garlic and Onion Salads with Fish and B-vitamins for Life Extension with Rejuvenation
Onions contain benfotiamine, which reduces glucose toxicity [Patents, Books, LEF] and counteracts AGEs (Advanced Glycation End products). Onions also contain quercetin, which has been presented as a telomerase activator in Product B and also as a senolytic drug that forces senescent cells commit apoptosis and vanish. Combined with telomerase-activating garlic using the HDAC inhibitor property of chopped garlic to improve hTERT transcription, onion and garlic salads may be formulated to produce rejuvenation. Salads may be prepared that contain chopped garlic, onions, and olives mixed with sugarless sweetened apple cider mix, apple cider vinegar, extra virgin olive oil, and vinegar-and-oil dressing mix that are very delicious, good for the heart, inhibiting to atherosclerosis, and exhibiting rejuvenating properties. More quercetin-intensive ingredients than onions, such as capers, loveage leaves, and elderberries, should be very useful in formulating tasty and effective salads for rejuvenation and long life. Eliminating the trap of high-temperature cooking of land animals (by taking boiled fish and super B-vitamin pills instead) should then produce very impressive life extension by better controlling homocysteine, glycation, AGEs, atherosclerotic plaque, carcinogens from cooking, and dangerous fatty acids.
 

References
[1] Butt MS, Sultan MT, Butt MS, Iqbal J. (2009),
Garlic: nature’s protection against physiological threats,
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2009 Jun;49(6):538-51. [Papers/Garlic protection, Books]

[2] Ishikawa H, Saeki T, Otani T, et al. (2006),
Aged garlic extract prevents a decline of NK cell number and activity in patients with advanced cancer,
J Nutr 2006 Mar; 136(3 Suppl):816S-20S. [Special/NK Cell boosters].

[3] Svendsen, L., Rattan, S.I., Clark, B.F. (1994),
Testing garlic for possible anti-ageing effects on long-term growth characteristics, morphology and macromolecular synthesis of human fibroblasts in culture [Abstract],
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, (1994 July 8) 43(2):125-33. Reference by [4].

[4] Garlic, Nature's Perfect Prescription, by C. G. Hullquist, page 69.

[5] Borek C (2006),
Garlic reduces dementia and heart-disease risk,
J Nutr 2006 Mar;136(3 Suppl):810S-812S. [Dementia, Cardiovacular Disease].

[6] Campbell JH, Efendy JL, Smith NJ, Campbell GR (2001),
Molecular basis by which garlic suppresses atherosclerosis [PDF],
J Nutr 2001 Mar;131(3s):1006S-9S. [Atherosclerosis].

[7] Efendy JL, Simmons DL, Campbell GR, Campbell JH (1997),
The effect of the aged garlic extract, ‘Kyolic’, on the development of experimental atherosclerosis,
Atherosclerosis 1997 Jul 11;132(1):37-42. [Aged Garlic Extract, Kyolic].

[8] H.F Lua, C.C Sueb, C.S Yuc, et al (2004),
Diallyl disulfide (DADS) induced apoptosis undergo caspase-3 activity in human bladder cancer T24 cells.
___[Bladder Cancer, Diallyl disulfide, Caspase-3 activated apoptosis].

[9] Oommen S1, Anto RJ, Srinivas G, Karunagaran D (2004),
Allicin (from garlic) induces caspase-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells [Abstract, PDF],
Eur J Pharmacol 2004 Feb 6;485(1-3):97-103.
___[Apoptosis, Caspase-mediated Apoptosis (Patents, Books, LEF)].
___[Links/Allicin, Images, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF].
 

[10] Guo, N.L., Lu, D.P., Woods, G.L., Reed E., Zhou, G.Z., Zhang L.B., Waldman, R.H. (1993),
Demonstration of the anti-viral activity of garlic extract against human cytomegalovirus in vitro,
Chin Med J (Engl) (1993 Feb), 106(2):93-6. [Garlic cures CMV (Papers, Books, LEF); CMV]

[11] Moriguchi, T., Takashina, K., Chu, P.J., Saito, H., Nishiyama, N. (1994),
Prolongation of life span and improved learning in the senescence accelerated mouse produced by aged garlic extract [PDF], Biol Pharm Bull (1994 Dec) 17(12):1589-94.
"Chronic feeding of raw garlic causes anemia, weight loss, and failure to grow."

[12] Vinay K Singh, Dinesh K Singh (2008),
Pharmacological Effects of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) [PDF],
ARBS Annual Review of Biomedical Sciences,
Department of Zoology, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, U.P., INDIA
Received: 11 September 2007; accepted 21 January 2008.

[13] Stephen Laifer (2005),
Garlic [OnLine],
Life Extension Magazine April 2005.
___Links/Garlic, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF.

[14] Riddle JM (2001),
Garlic’s history as a medicine,
Paper presented at: American Herbal Products Association International Garlic Symposium, July 31, 2001.
___Garlic History (Links, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books, LifeExtension).

[15] Carmia Borek, Ph.D. (2000),
Garlic, the Bountiful Bulb [Online],
Life Extension Magazine January 2000.

[16] Tilli CM, Stavast-Kooy AJ, Vuerstaek JD, et al. (2003),
The garlic-derived organosulfur component ajoene decreases basal cell carcinoma tumor size by inducing apoptosis,
Arch Dermatol Res 2003 Jul;295(3):117-23. [Apoptosis/Garlic, Ajoene (Papers, Patents, Books, LEF), Skin Cancer].

[17] Rana SV , Pal R , Vaiphei K , Singh K (2006),
Garlic hepatotoxicity: safe dose of garlic, [OnLine],
Tropical Gastroenterology : Official Journal of the Digestive Diseases Foundation [2006, 27(1):26-30].
__[Garlic hepatotoxicity (Papers, Patents, Books, LEF); Safe Dose of Garlic (Books, LEF)].
__" 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg body weight/day of garlic showed significant (P<0.001) deterioration
__in liver function tests (LFT's) after 21, 14 and 7 days respectively."
__"Garlic with high dose has the potential ability to induce liver damage and
__low doses (0.1 or 0.25 g / kg body weight/day) are safe doses of garlic."
__0.5 g/kg body weight/day dose of garlic showed morphological changes in the liver of one rat after 29 days.
__200 lb. = 90.7185 kg. 0.1 g/kg x 90.7185 kg = 9.7185 grams, 0.25 g/kg x90.7185 kg = 24.29625 g.
__0.5 g/kg x 90.7185 kg = 45.35925 grams.
__The average supermarket clove of garlic weighs about 4-7 grams.
__Exception: A typical garlic clove weighs about 3 grams. - How to Use Garlic Medicinally.
__Confirmation of 3 grams/clove of garlic.
__Google Search: Weight of a garlic clove in grams.
__Google Search: Safe dose of garlic (Papers, Patents, Books, LEF).

[18] Vinay K Singh, Dinesh K Singh (2008),
Pharmacological Effects of Garlic (Allium sativum L.),
ARBS Annual Review of Biomedical Sciences, 7 February 2008.

[19] Morbidoni L, Arterburn JM, Young V, Mallins D, Mulrow C, Lawrence V (2001),
Garlic: its history and adverse effects,
J Herbal Pharmacother 2001;1:63-83.
___Garlic History (Links, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books, LifeExtension).
___(Links/Adverse Effects of Garlic, Images, Video, Papers, Patents, Books, LifeExtension).

[20] Doug Casey (2006),
The Virus Killer They Don't Want You to Know About,
InvestorsInsight.com, 04-18-2006.

[21] Tariq H. Abdullah, O. Kandil, A. Elkadi, and J. Carter (1988),
Garlic Revisited: Therapeutic for the Major Diseases of Our Times? [PDF],
J Natl Med Assoc 1988 Apr; 80(4): 439–445.

[22] Rahman K (2003),
Garlic and aging: new insights into an old remedy,
Ageing Research Reviews [2003, 2(1):39-56].

[23] Life Extension News (2016),
Aged garlic extract reduces arterial plaque burden,
Life Extension Magazine, May 2016.
___[Links/Aged garlic extract reduces arterial plaque burden, Papers, Patents, Books, Life Extension].
___[Links/Aged garlic extract, Papers, Patents, Books, Life Extension].

[24] * Journal of Nutrition 2016 Jan 13.

[25] There are species of garlic [Images, Books] that have larger cloves than others, so that the dosage [17] here must be qualified. Some bulbs of garlic may consist of as little as 3 cloves per bulb, for instance, while other species of garlic may have typically 8 cloves. Instead of 3-5 cloves/serving, perhaps half a bulb of garlic per serving would be a better way of specifying typical adult dose. I must get down to weighing it, too. Furthermore, the standard dose must be scaled down for children according to the child's bodyweight.

[26] http://www.livestrong.com/article/244977-the-benefits-of-eating-raw-garlic-cloves/ .

[27] K. C. Srivastava, A Bordia and S.K. Verma (1995),
Garlic (Allium sativum) for disease prevention,
South African Journal of Science February 1995.

[28] Lee T.y. and Lam T.H. (1991),
Contact dermatitis due to topical treatment with garlic in Hong Kong,
Contact Derm 24. 193-196.

[29] Lembo G., Balato N., Patrono C .• Auricchio L. and Ayala F. (1991),
Allergic contact dermatitis due 10 garlic (Allium sativum),
COlltacl Derm 25. 330-331.

[30] Febri B, Aiacbe I.M., Korbi S., Monkni M., Ben Said M, Memmi A .. Hizaoui B. and Boulref K. (1991),
Toxic effects induced by the repeated administration of Allium salivum,
L. J. Pharm. Belg 46,363-374.

[31] Rose K.D., Croissant P.D., Parliament e.F. and Levin M.B. (1990),
Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma with associated platelet dysfunction from excessive garlic ingestion: a case report,
Neurosurgery 26. 880-882.

[32] Elnima El., Ahmed S.A., Mekkawi A.G. and Mossa 1.S. (1983),
The antimicrobial activity of garlic and onion extracts,
Pharmazie 38, 747-748. [Onion Extracts, Onion].

[33] Abdulllah T. et al. (1989),
Enhancement of natural killer cell activity in AIDS with garlic,
Onkologie 21:52-53. [HIV, NK Cell Boosters].

[34] Block, E.(1985),
The chemistry of garlic and onion,
Sci Am 252: 114-119.

[35] Ide, N. and Lau, B.H. S. (1997),
Garlic compounds protect vascular endothelial cells from oxidized low density lipoprotein induced injury,
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[46] Steiner, M. (1996),
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Vegetables, fruit and colon cancer in the Iowa Women's Study,
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Garlic inhibits free radical generation and augments antioxidant enzyme activity in vascular endothelial cells,
Nutr. Res 18: 61-70.

[49] William Falloon (2015),
Major Advance In Slowing Aging,
Life Extension Magazine, February 2015.

[50] Guo L, Xie B, Mao Z. (2012),
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[51] Rubinsztein DC, Mariño G, Kroemer G. (2011),
Autophagy and aging,
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Dietary components modify the ability of garlic to suppress 7,12,-dimethyl (a anthracene induced DNA adducts),
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[53] Freeman, F. & Kodera, Y. (1995),
Garlic Chemistry: Stability of S-(2-Propenyl) 2-Propene-1-sulfinothioate (Allicin) in blood, solvents and simulated physiological fluids,
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Antioxidant effects of sulfur-containing amino acids,
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[59] Maldonado PD, Barrera D, Rivero I, et al. (2003),
Antioxidant S-allylcysteine prevents gentamicin-induced oxidative stress and renal damage,
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[61] Durak A, Ozturk HS, Olcay E, Guven C (2002),
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[62] Budoff MJ, Takasu J, Flores FR, et al. (2004),
Inhibiting progression of coronary calcification using aged garlic extract in patients receiving statin therapy: a preliminary study, Prev Med 2004 Nov;39(5):985-91.
__[Links/Coronary Calcification (Papers, Patents, Books, LEF), Vascular Calcification].

[63] Wilburn AJ, King DS, Glisson J, Rockhold RW, Wofford MR (2004),
The natural treatment of hypertension,
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[64] Durak I, Kavutcu M, Aytac B, et al. (2004),
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[65] Sengupta A, Ghosh S, Bhattacharjee S (2004),
Allium vegetables in cancer prevention: an overview,
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[66] Hassan HT (2004),
Ajoene (natural garlic compound): a new anti-leukaemia agent for AML therapy,
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[67] Ledezma E, Apitz-Castro R, Cardier J (2004),
Apoptotic and anti-adhesion effect of ajoene, a garlic derived compound, on the murine melanoma B16F10 cells: possible role of caspase-3 and the alpha(4)beta(1) integrin,
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[68] Tilli CM, Stavast-Kooy AJ, Vuerstaek JD, et al. The garlic-derived organosulfur component ajoene decreases basal cell carcinoma tumor size by inducing apoptosis,
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__[Ajoene (Papers, Patents, Books, LEF), Basal Cell Carcinoma (Papers, Patents, Books, LEF)].

[69] Xu B, Monsarrat B, Gairin JE, Girbal-Neuhauser E (2004),
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Garlic and onion attenuates vascular inflammation and oxidative stress in fructose-fed rats,
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Effects of garlic oil and diallyl trisulfide on glycemic control in diabetic rats,
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[78] Harris JC, Cottrell SL, Plummer S, et al. (2001),
Antimicrobial properties of Allium sativum (garlic),
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Demonstration of the anti-viral activity of garlic extract against human cytomegalovirus in vitro,
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[82] Amagase H. (1998),
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[83] Amagase, H.,
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[88] Lau, B.H. S. (1989),
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Int Nutr Rev 9:27-31.

[89] Numagami, Y., sato, S., & Onishi, T. (1996),
Attenuation of rat ischemic brain damage by aged garlic extracts: A possible protecting mechanism as an antioxidants,
Neurochem Int 29: 135-143.

[90] Steinmetz, K.A., Kushi, L.H., Bostick, R.M., Folsom A.R & Potter, J.D. (1994),
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Garlic Searches:
Garlic promotes HDL cholesterol and lowers total cholesterol.

Carcinogenic Viral pathogens [Papers, Patents, Books, LifeExtension] may cause cancer (although 80% of cancers are not from viruses):
___Adenovirus, a tumor provirus (DNA genome 36 kbp) [Micklos, et.al, DNA Science, p.225].
_____Adenovirus causes only flu-like symptoms in humans, but develops malignancies in mice.
___Epstein-Barr virus can cause lymphoma.
___Hepatitis B virus (DNA genome 3 kb) can cause liver cancer in 10-20% of chronic infections,
___Hepatitis C virus (RNA genome 10 kb) can cause liver cancer in 5% of chronic infections,
___HTLV-1 virus can cause lymphoma or adult T-cell leukemia via the viral gene tax.
___Herpes viruses can cause Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal cancer, and Kaposi's sarcoma.
___HIV virus leads to higher rates of lymphomas and Kaposi's sarcoma via immunosuppression.
___Papilloma virus [Images] (DNA genome 8 kb) can cause cervical cancer.
___Polyomavirus, a tumor provirus, (DNA genome 5292 bp).
___Rabbit fibroma virus.
___Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) (DNA genome 60 kbp), a chicken tumor provirus.
___Simian virus 40 (SV40), a provirus, (DNA genome 5243 bp).
___T-cell lymphotropic virus can cause lymphoma.
___Retroviruses (RNA-genome 9-10 kb) can cause adult T-cell leukemia [Encyclopedia].
___C-myc, if translocated by viral infection, may become unregulated and carcinogenic.
___Viral oncoproteins [Links, Images, Papers, Patents, Books] can cause cancer.
About 20% of human cancers are virus-induced, including anogenital cancers (papilloma viruses), liver cancer (hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus) and some lymphomas (Epstein-Barr virus and T-cell lymphotropic virus). 

Heart Attack (Congestive Heart Failure)
[Index, Links, Images, Video, Video/What happens; Video/Heart Disease and Heart Attacks; 3D Animation, Papers, Patents, Books, LibCong, LifeExtension, Amazon, The Heart Scan Blog; Amyloidosis, Angina, Arjuna, Arteriosclerosis, Atherosclerosis, Atherosclerotic Plaque, Cardiology, Cardiovascular Disease, Cholesterol, C-reactive protein, Fats, Fibrinogen, Fibrolytic Proteases, Hawthorn, Homocysteine, Ischemia-Reperfusion Injuries, LDL Peroxidation, Lipid Peroxidation, Lycopene, Magnesium, Nattokinase, Oats, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, Serrapeptase, Smoking, Taurine, Thrombolytic Drugs, Uric Acid, Vascular Diseases, Vitamin D, Vitamin K2; Anemia anemia[1]] [73].

Cigarette smoking [Essay/Smoking, Index] is often seen in connection with heart attack. Smoking a pack of cigarettes a day more than doubles the risk of heart attack. The heart attack usually takes place when a blood clot forms in a small cardiac vessel feeding heart muscle narrowed by atherosclerotic plaque, typically after a piece of plaque breaks off in the progressively narrowing artery, jamming it and clotting up with an embolism after floating downstream. Myocardial infarction follows, killing heart cells near the artery deprived of oxygen.

Aspirin is recommended immediately to thin the blood and break up the clot. A more effective clot-busting injection may be used. Anticlotting agents and other blood thinners such as nitroglycerin may be taken. Fancy anticoagulants including warfarin (calcifies soft tissues like a sneak attack on warheads), heparins, fondaparinux or dabigatran work by blocking vitamin K1 or inactivating other clotting factors in the blood. See Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors and Thrombolytic Drugs. Antiplatelet thromboxane blockers such as aspirin, EPA and DHA from fish oil, dipyridamole, ticlopidine and clopidogrel prevent clotting by preventing thromboxane from rounding up clotting cells in the blood. Foods and nutraceuticals with blood-thinning effect [Papers, Patents, Books, LEF] (usually platelet aggregation inhibitors) include alfalfa, avocado, beer, bilberry, More…color="#0066cc">cat's claw, celery, coQ10, cranberries, fish oil, garlic, ginger, ginkgo, ginseng, grapefruit, green tea, horse chestnut, licorice, magnesium, niacin, onion, papaya, pomegranate, soybean, St. John’s wort, turmeric, and wheatgrass.

A cardiac stent [Papers, Patents, Books, LEF; survival] may be inserted by a surgeon in the vessel to widen the passage narrowed by atherosclerotic plaque. This is sometimes done to relieve the pain associated with Angina Pectoris [Encyclopedia] from plaque-narrowed vessels. Today, one uses a fibrolytic protease such as serrapeptase used by silkworms to devour their coccoons to wipe out atherosclerotic plaque, or perhaps nattokinase, also a fibrolytic protease used to treat amyloidosis plaques.

Perhaps ibuprofen may be used to reduce heart attack pain.

See Hypertension: For age greater than 50 years, hypertension exists when the systolic blood pressure is greater than 140 mm Hg or when the diastolic blood pressure is greater than 90 mm Hg, that is, when blood pressure is more than 140/90 mmHg. Normal blood pressure is less than 120/80 mmHg. See Wikipedia for standard medical treatments for hypertension and Links/hypertension treatment. Drugs typically used in medicine to treat hypertension include: Thiazide diuretics "water pills" to reduce blood volume, for age 80 or more perhaps indapamide (Lozol); Beta blockers to reduce the workload on the heart and open blood vessels, causing the heart to beat slower and with less force; Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to help relax blood vessels; Angiotensin II receptor blockers to relax blood vessels; Calcium channel blockers to relax the muscles of the blood vessels; Renin inhibitors such as Aliskiren (Tekturna), which slows down the production of renin, a kidney enzyme that increases blood pressure. Medicine for further therapy includes Alpha blockers to reduce nerve impulses to blood vessels, Alpha-beta blockers to slow the heartbeat in order to reduce the amount of blood that must be pumped through the vessels, Central-acting agents that prevent the brain from signaling to increase heart rate and narrow your blood vessels, and Vasodilators [Index]. From the section on Helicases: Hypertension may be alleviated by supplementation with magnesium or taurine.

Optimal Cardiac Defense
EPA (Eicosapentanoic acid) and DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid) found in fish oil suppress key proinflammatory cellular signaling molecules, including:

"People with total omega-3 levels above 6.1% in their blood had a compelling 90% reduction in risk of sudden cardiac death [Images] compared to those whose omega-3s were 4.3% or less of their fatty acids." A 70% reduction in risk of death from heart attack [Images] was observed for people with EPA and DHA values of 4.6% or greater, when compared with those whose total values were less than 3.5%. 2000 mg to 4000 mg of fish oil per day may be required to obtain optimal cardiac defense [Papers, Patents, Books]. (See Julius Goepp, MD, "Optimize Your Omega-3 Status", Life Extension Magazine, May 2010). "Congestive heart failure responds favorably to taurine therapy." (Life Extension, Taurine), [36s] (k). In physical therapy, 3-5 grams of taurine [Encyclopedia, Images] is taken 30 minutes before exercise (9) and again just after.

Hawthorn extracts at 80 mg - 180 mg twice daily, and Arjuna bark powder at 500 mg every 8 hours are useful in preventing and reversing heart failures. Hawthorn extracts are termed cardiotonic because of their ability to improve heart muscle tone. Hawthorn extracts can improve coronary blood flow up to 70% and prevent ischemia-reperfusion injuries, reducing mortality rate in cardiac ischemia. Hawthorn extract substantially reduces arrhythmias that may follow or accompany ischemia and reperfusion, and pre-treatment prior to ischemia-reperfusion very substantially reduces the prevalence of deadly cardiac arrhythmias [Papers, Patents, Books] manifesting themselves as ventricular fillibration [Papers, Patents, Books] and heart flutter [Papers, Patents, Books].

Arjuna extracts [Encyclopedia] and extra virgin olive oil reduce total and LDL cholesterol, reduce trigycerides, and elevate HDL cholesterol, limiting atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta and improving endothelial function. Extra virgin olive oil and tomato soup lycopene reduce LDL peroxidation leading to atherosclerosis and consequently elevated hypertension. Two tablespoons of extra virgin olive oil in tomato soup makes antioxidant lycopene more bioavailable. See Silas Hoffman (2013), Novel Support for Chronic Heart Failure, Arrhythmia and Coronary Artery Blockage, Life Extension Magazine, Feb 2013. Cardiovascular problems may be reduced by taking green coffee bean extract at 350 mg before meals to reduce consequent elevated glucose. See William Falloon (2013), Preparing Your Body to Eat, Life Extension Magazine, Feb 2013.

Taurine Reduces Mortality Due to Congestive Heart Failure [Taurine].
"Congestive heart failure responds favorably to taurine therapy." (Life Extension), [36s] (k), [8], [9]. In animal studies, taurine reduced mortality due to heart failure by 80% [Ian Macleavy, 2013, LEF]. Taurine is abundant in fish.

References
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How to Circumvent 17 Independent Heart Attack Risk Factors,
Life Extension Magazine May 2009. [Heart Attack, Papers, Patents, Books, LEF; Fats, Oils].

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Live Longer By Changing How You Cook!,
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[35] Filiberto Zadini, Giorgio Zadini, Original Assignee: Atheranova Operations, Inc. (2013),
Dissolution of arterial plaque US 20130029946 A1,
___[Papers, Patents, Books, LEF].
___ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) [Papers, Patents, Books, LEF].
___Serious adverse consequences can result from a x2 overdose. Sensitive stuff.
___Can dissolve gallstones and atherosclerotic plaque. Natually occurring. See Ursodiol.
___RELATED: LEF search on arterial plaque dissolution produces:
___Serrapeptase 10 mg 90 capsules: Solaray, Item# 28548.(0) Retail Price: $24.99.
_____Serrapeptase [Papers, Patents, Books, LEF]. Silkworm's coccoon dissolving enzyme.
_______Serrapeptase for arterial plaque dissolution [Papers, Patents, Books, LEF].
_______Serrapeptase: The natural anti-inflammatory, Life Extension Magazine, September 2003.

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Focus on Serrapeptase [Online],
Discover Nutrition November 1, 2014.

___Serrapeptase 10 mg 90 capsules: Solaray, Item# 28548.(0) Retail Price: $24.99.
_____Serrapeptase [Papers, Patents, Books, LEF]. Silkworm's coccoon dissolving enzyme.
_______Serrapeptase for arterial plaque dissolution [Papers, Patents, Books, LEF].
_______Serrapeptase: The natural anti-inflammatory, Life Extension Magazine, September 2003.

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___See Serapeptase as a fibrinolytic agent [Papers, Patents, Books, LEF].
___Bromelain as a fibrinolytic agent [Papers, Patents, Books, LEF; Index/Bromelain].
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___Gotu Kola improves the stability of soft atherosclerotic plaque
___by improving the expression of collagen.
___French maritime pine bark extract (150 mg) plus Gotu Kola (225 mg) improves soft plaque stability best.

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